What Is an ISO Tank Container? Types, Uses & CryoTech Solutions

In the modern global logistics landscape, ISO tank containers have become indispensable for the safe and efficient movement of bulk liquids, gases, and temperature-sensitive materials. These standardized containers enable seamless transport across road, rail, and sea, dramatically reducing handling risks and improving cost efficiency compared with traditional packaging like drums or IBC totes.

Whether you are transporting LNG, industrial gases, or chemical products, the right ISO tank design ensures reliability, compliance, and long-term performance under demanding conditions. That’s why choosing a certified supplier matters — and why Cryo-Tech has earned its reputation as a trusted partner for cryogenic ISO tank solutions worldwide.

Looking for high-quality ISO tanks or other specialized container types? It’s fast and straightforward to find the exact model you need through our platform. Simply specify the tank type or capacity you require — for example, LNG, LOX, or LIN transport tanks — along with your preferred region, and you’ll get matched with ready-to-ship solutions right away.

Quick takeaway: ISO tanks are the backbone of global bulk logistics. Understanding the difference between standard (T11/T14) and cryogenic (T75) tanks — along with international certifications such as ISO 1496/3, IMDG, and ASME — helps buyers and engineers make better procurement decisions and ensure safe operation from day one.

What Is an ISO Tank Container?

An ISO tank container is a stainless-steel, cylindrical pressure vessel mounted inside a rectangular ISO-compliant steel frame. Built to standardized dimensions, an ISO tank is specifically engineered for intermodal transport: it can be lifted and stacked using common port and rail equipment without repacking the cargo.

Compared to drums and IBCs, ISO tanks offer:

• Higher per-unit capacity (typically 21,000–26,000 liters for standard tanks).
• Reduced handling and lower unit transport cost.
• Better temperature and pressure control for sensitive products.
• Long service life when maintained correctly (20+ years).

Use cases range from bulk chemicals and edible oils to cryogenic gases such as LNG and liquid nitrogen — the tank type and internal systems determine suitability.

ISO Tank Design & Materials

A standard ISO tank consists of three primary elements:

1. Inner vessel: typically 316 / 304 stainless steel for product-contact surfaces. Material selection depends on chemical compatibility and temperature.
2. Insulation & secondary wall (for cryogenic tanks): vacuum insulated multi-layer systems or high-performance polyurethane for thermal retention.
3. Protective outer frame: carbon steel rectangular frame (ISO 40' / 20' footprint equivalents) that provides lifting points and stacking strength for intermodal handling.

Specialized components for cryogenic tanks

Cryogenic ISO tanks incorporate additional systems to preserve ultra-low temperature cargo:

• Multi-layer vacuum insulation and reflective shields to minimize heat ingress.
• Boil-off management systems (passive/active) to control pressure and losses during transport.
• Cold-rated valves, flexible piping, and pressure-relief devices suitable for temperatures down to -196°C.

Engineering note: stainless-steel grade, weld methods, and NDT regimes are critical for tanks that carry corrosive chemicals or cryogens — Cryo-Tech follows ASME and international welding codes throughout fabrication.

Understanding the Basics: What Is an ISO Tank?

An ISO tank container is a standardized pressure vessel designed for the safe transportation and storage of bulk liquids, gases, and powders. Each tank is manufactured in accordance with the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) dimensions, ensuring full intermodal compatibility across road, rail, and sea without requiring cargo transfer or repackaging.

Structurally, an ISO tank consists of a cylindrical stainless-steel inner vessel mounted within a robust carbon-steel frame—typically 20 feet in length. This frame is built to withstand stacking loads, mechanical shocks, and environmental stress, allowing the tank to maintain stability during long-distance and multimodal operations.

The standardization of ISO tanks ensures global interoperability. Whether you’re shipping non-hazardous chemicals, cryogenic gases, or food-grade liquids, an ISO-compliant tank can be safely handled using conventional container equipment, streamlining logistics across ports and depots worldwide.

• Capacity Range: 14,000 to 26,000 liters, depending on design and cargo type.
• Construction: Austenitic stainless steel (316L/304) for corrosion resistance.
• Outer Frame: Carbon steel, meeting ISO 1496/3 and CSC safety standards.
• Service Life: Typically 20–35 years with proper inspection and maintenance.

Compared to drums or IBC totes, ISO tanks significantly reduce handling risks and cost per ton by maximizing payload efficiency and minimizing spillage or contamination. This makes them an indispensable asset in international trade, especially for companies managing cross-border liquid logistics.

The Inner Workings: Design & Materials

The strength and safety of an ISO tank container begin with its engineering. Each tank is a cylindrical stainless-steel vessel (usually grade 316L or 304) built to resist corrosion from a wide range of chemicals and environmental exposure. The vessel is encased in a carbon-steel protective frame that provides mechanical stability and ensures the container meets ISO 1496/3 and CSC requirements for intermodal transport.

Inside the vessel, specialized linings and coatings may be applied depending on the cargo. For example, food-grade tanks are polished to a sanitary finish, while chemical-grade tanks may use rubber or epoxy linings to prevent contamination. For cargo that is sensitive to temperature variations—such as LNG, LOX, or LIN—Cryo-Tech integrates multi-layer vacuum insulation systems to maintain ultra-low temperatures over extended durations.

A typical ISO tank structure includes:

• Inner Vessel: Austenitic stainless steel with corrosion resistance and high tensile strength.
• Insulation Layer: For cryogenic applications, vacuum-sealed multi-layer insulation minimizes heat ingress.
• Outer Shell or Frame: Carbon steel framework ensuring rigidity and impact resistance during handling.
• Manhole & Fittings: Located at the top, providing controlled access for loading, unloading, and cleaning.
• Valves & Relief Systems: Safety valves, bursting discs, and pressure-relief assemblies prevent overpressure.

Cryo-Tech’s cryogenic tank containers are specifically engineered to preserve the integrity of gases and liquids at temperatures below -196°C. These tanks employ vacuum-jacketed insulation and advanced thermal control systems, allowing precise pressure balance during both loading and long-distance transport.

Why ISO Tanks? Key Advantages

The global logistics industry has rapidly shifted toward ISO tank containers as a more efficient, sustainable, and cost-effective alternative to drums and intermediate bulk containers (IBCs). These tanks combine safety, durability, and environmental responsibility in one standardized system — making them an indispensable asset for international bulk transport.

• 1. Efficiency & Payload Optimization
  ISO tanks carry up to 26,000 liters of liquid cargo, significantly reducing transportation costs per liter compared to drums or IBCs. Their cylindrical design maximizes usable volume while maintaining balance and pressure stability during transit.
• 2. Superior Safety Standards
  Every tank undergoes pressure testing, leak detection, and structural inspection in compliance with ISO, IMDG, and CSC codes. Cryo-Tech’s advanced cryogenic models feature multi-stage pressure relief valves and emergency shut-off systems to ensure maximum operational safety.
• 3. Long Service Life & Reliability
  Built from 316L stainless steel and reinforced carbon-steel frames, ISO tanks can last over two decades with routine inspection. Their reusable structure dramatically reduces waste, making them a sustainable long-term investment for operators.
• 4. Environmental Sustainability
  ISO tanks eliminate the need for disposable packaging, minimizing landfill waste and cutting carbon emissions by up to 70%. Cryo-Tech’s tanks are designed for energy efficiency and thermal control, reducing product loss and vaporization during cryogenic transport.
• 5. Intermodal Compatibility
  ISO tanks are designed for seamless transport between ships, trucks, and railways — without offloading or repackaging. This ensures full cargo integrity, faster transit times, and reduced handling risks across the global supply chain.
• 6. Cost-Effectiveness
  Over its lifecycle, a single ISO tank replaces thousands of drums, saving on packaging, cleaning, and disposal costs. Operators also benefit from reduced freight handling and improved turnaround times.

When compared with traditional bulk transport solutions, ISO tanks not only enhance safety and efficiency but also align with the logistics industry’s shift toward greener and smarter supply chain practices. For cryogenic and chemical transport applications, these benefits are magnified — as product integrity and temperature stability become mission-critical.

Types of Industrial Containers and Tanks

Industrial containers and tanks vary in structure, material, and application. The table below summarizes the most common types, their key features, and typical industrial uses.

By comparing these container types, buyers can quickly determine which model best suits their operational and safety requirements.

How to Choose the Right Industrial Container or Tank

Selecting the right container or tank depends on several critical factors related to your operation’s safety, efficiency, and regulatory compliance. Below are the key considerations to guide your decision-making process.

1. Determine the Type of Substance

• Cryogenic Liquids: Require double-wall, vacuum-insulated tanks capable of maintaining ultra-low temperatures.
• Chemicals or Acids: Need corrosion-resistant stainless steel or lined containers with protective coatings.
• Food-Grade Liquids: Must comply with sanitary standards and use non-reactive materials.
• Gases: Require pressurized vessels equipped with safety valves and relief systems.

2. Capacity and Pressure Requirements

Choose the appropriate capacity based on your transport or storage volume. Larger ISO tanks are ideal for bulk logistics, while portable or smaller stationary tanks are better for frequent handling or on-site usage. Verify the container’s pressure rating to ensure compatibility with your product’s storage conditions.

3. Material Selection

The tank’s construction material directly impacts safety and lifespan. Common materials include:

• Stainless Steel: Offers high corrosion resistance and durability for chemical and food applications.
• Carbon Steel: Cost-effective option for non-corrosive liquids.
• Aluminum: Lightweight and suitable for portable applications.

4. Insulation and Temperature Control

For cryogenic or temperature-sensitive substances, insulation plays a vital role. Tanks may use vacuum-jacketed, foam, or multilayer insulation systems to minimize heat transfer and product loss during storage or transport.

5. Compliance and Certification

Always ensure the container meets international and local standards, such as:

• ISO 1496/3 for design and structural integrity
• IMDG, ADR/RID for hazardous material transport
• ASME or TPED for pressure vessel compliance
• CE, GOST, and BV for international market access

6. Maintenance and After-Sales Support

Work with manufacturers that offer ongoing technical support, spare parts, and inspection services. Regular maintenance ensures operational safety and prolongs the tank’s service life, especially for cryogenic applications where insulation and sealing performance are critical.

By evaluating these factors carefully, companies can ensure both compliance and cost efficiency while minimizing operational risks.

Cryogenic ISO Tank Solutions: Technology and Applications

Cryogenic ISO tanks are highly specialized containers engineered to safely handle and transport liquefied gases such as LNG, liquid oxygen (LOX), nitrogen (LIN), argon (LAR), and carbon dioxide (LCO₂). These gases must be maintained at extremely low temperatures, requiring advanced insulation and precision pressure control systems.

1. Advanced Engineering and Design

• Double-Wall Construction: The inner vessel holds the cryogenic liquid, while the outer shell provides structural protection and houses the vacuum layer.
• Vacuum-Insulated Technology: Multi-layer vacuum insulation minimizes heat transfer, maintaining internal temperatures as low as −196°C.
• Pressure Regulation Systems: Equipped with safety valves, bursting discs, and pressure-relief mechanisms to ensure stable operation during transport.
• Durability and Longevity: Designed to withstand extreme environments, vibrations, and temperature fluctuations during long-distance shipping.

2. Applications Across Key Industries

3. Operational Advantages

• Reduced Boil-Off Rate: Advanced insulation minimizes product loss during extended transportation or standby periods.
• Intermodal Flexibility: Fully compliant with road, rail, and marine transport standards for global logistics networks.
• Enhanced Safety: Integrated pressure control and monitoring ensure secure operation in all environments.
• Environmental Benefits: Reusable for over two decades, lowering waste and aligning with sustainability goals.

These cryogenic ISO tank systems have become indispensable for global supply chains, supporting industries where temperature precision, efficiency, and reliability are paramount.

Safety Standards and Global Certifications

Safety and compliance are the foundation of reliable cryogenic and industrial transport. Every ISO tank container must meet stringent international standards to ensure structural integrity, safe operation, and compatibility across different transport modes.

1. Core International Standards

• ISO 1496/3: Defines the design and construction requirements for tank containers used in international freight transport.
• IMDG Code: Regulates the safe transport of dangerous goods by sea, ensuring resistance to pressure, corrosion, and environmental stress.
• ADR/RID: Covers road and rail transport of hazardous materials within Europe, guaranteeing leak prevention and mechanical resilience.
• ASME & TPED: Certify pressure vessel construction for consistent performance and durability under variable pressures and temperatures.

2. Additional Regional and Industry Certifications

For global market access, cryogenic ISO tanks must often hold additional approvals recognized by national authorities and industry organizations:

• CE Marking (Europe): Compliance with European safety, health, and environmental protection standards.
• GOST Certification (Russia & CIS): Ensures product reliability for operation in cold and industrial environments.
• BV or Lloyd’s Register: Verifies structural and operational integrity for maritime applications.
• DOT Certification (U.S.): Required for domestic and cross-border transport of pressurized or hazardous materials.

3. Built-in Safety Features

Modern ISO tanks are equipped with an array of safety mechanisms designed to mitigate risks and enhance operational control:

• Pressure-relief valves and bursting discs to prevent overpressure incidents
• Emergency shut-off devices for secure handling during loading or unloading
• Multi-layer insulation to minimize boil-off losses and temperature fluctuations
• GPS tracking and telemetry systems for real-time monitoring of cargo status

4. Cryo-Tech’s Commitment to Quality and Safety

All Cryo-Tech cryogenic ISO tanks are manufactured in accordance with these global standards and undergo rigorous testing before delivery. Each unit is pressure-tested, vacuum-tested, and performance-inspected to ensure maximum reliability. Cryo-Tech’s facilities are certified by ISO, BV, CE, and GOST, guaranteeing compliance across multiple jurisdictions and transport systems.

By maintaining full alignment with international safety frameworks, Cryo-Tech provides clients with containers that meet or exceed every operational requirement—from LNG transport to medical oxygen delivery.

Why Choose Cryo-Tech for ISO Tank Solutions?

When it comes to cryogenic and industrial transport, reliability, safety, and technical precision define success. Cryo-Tech stands at the forefront of ISO tank container manufacturing, providing clients with solutions that are not only efficient and durable, but also fully compliant with the world’s most demanding standards.

1. Custom-Built for Every Application

Cryo-Tech designs and manufactures fully customizable ISO tank containers to meet diverse operational requirements—from LNG and liquid nitrogen to industrial chemicals and food-grade liquids. Our engineering team works directly with clients to tailor tank capacity, pressure ratings, and insulation systems according to project specifications.

2. Advanced Engineering and Manufacturing

Each Cryo-Tech tank is produced using high-grade stainless steel and advanced vacuum insulation technology to minimize boil-off and ensure long-term performance. Our in-house R&D and fabrication teams adopt precision welding, multi-layer testing, and smart monitoring integration to achieve exceptional quality consistency.

3. Global Standards, Local Adaptation

All Cryo-Tech ISO tanks are built in accordance with ISO, IMDG, ASME, TPED, and ADR/RID standards, and come with regional certifications such as GOST, CE, and BV. This makes our products suitable for deployment across Asia, Europe, the Middle East, Africa, and the Americas, supporting international logistics operations with ease.

4. End-to-End Service and Support

Beyond manufacturing, Cryo-Tech provides a complete lifecycle service—covering engineering consultation, logistics coordination, on-site installation, and after-sales maintenance. Our global service network ensures every tank is supported wherever it operates, maximizing uptime and operational safety.

5. Proven Expertise Across Industries

• Energy Sector: Reliable cryogenic transport for LNG, LPG, and industrial gases.
• Chemical Industry: Safe bulk movement of corrosive or hazardous liquids.
• Healthcare: Secure handling of liquid oxygen and nitrogen for medical use.
• Food & Beverage: Hygienic transport of dairy and edible liquids under strict temperature control.

6. Partner with Cryo-Tech Today

With decades of experience in cryogenic engineering and a reputation for excellence, Cryo-Tech is your trusted partner for high-performance ISO tank solutions. Whether you’re expanding your LNG transport fleet or upgrading your industrial gas logistics, our tanks are engineered to deliver uncompromising safety, reliability, and efficiency.

Contact Cryo-Tech today to request a customized ISO tank solution or learn more about our cryogenic equipment portfolio.